Which of the following was a major effect of the 42 nd

🟢 Explanation

The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976, also called the “Mini Constitution”, brought several significant changes:

• Increased the tenure of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies from 5 to 6 years.

• Introduced Fundamental Duties for citizens under Part IV-A of the Constitution.

• Emphasized the Directive Principles of State Policy, giving them precedence over Fundamental Rights in case of conflict.

It was enacted during the Emergency period (1975–77) under the leadership of Indira Gandhi.

🟢 व्याख्या

42वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1976, जिसे अक्सर “मिनी संविधान” कहा जाता है, ने कई महत्वपूर्ण बदलाव किए:

• लोकसभा और राज्य विधानसभाओं के कार्यकाल को 5 से 6 वर्ष तक बढ़ाया।

• नागरिकों के लिए मौलिक कर्तव्य (Fundamental Duties) पेश किए गए (भाग IV-A)।

• राज्य नीति के निर्देशक सिद्धांतों (Directive Principles of State Policy) को मौलिक अधिकारों की तुलना में प्राथमिकता दी।

यह अधिनियम आपातकाल (1975–77) के दौरान Indira Gandhi के नेतृत्व में लागू किया गया था।

⭐ Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य

🔹 The 42nd Amendment also attempted to curtail the power of Judiciary in reviewing laws.
🔹 It is one of the most extensive amendments in Indian constitutional history.
🔹 Fundamental Duties include duties like respecting the Constitution, promoting harmony, and protecting the environment.