What was the primary aim of the Third Five-Year Plan (1961-1966) in India?
What was the primary aim of the Third Five-Year Plan (1961-1966) in India?
भारत में तीसरी पंचवर्षीय योजना (1961 -1966) का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या था?
Detailed Solution & Logic
To achieve self-sufficiency in food grains/ खाद्यान्नों में आत्मनिर्भरता प्राप्त करना
📘 Explanation / व्याख्या:
The Third Five-Year Plan (1961–1966) aimed primarily at achieving self-sufficiency in food grains. After the First Plan (agriculture-focused) and the Second Plan (industrialization-focused), India realized that it still depended heavily on food imports, especially under the PL-480 agreement with the USA.
Therefore, the Third Plan emphasized:
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Increasing agricultural production
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Expanding irrigation facilities
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Improving farming techniques
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Strengthening the overall economy
However, the plan could not fully achieve its objectives due to the 1962 Indo-China War, 1965 Indo-Pak War, and severe droughts (1965–66).
तीसरी पंचवर्षीय योजना (1961–1966) का मुख्य उद्देश्य खाद्यान्नों में आत्मनिर्भरता प्राप्त करना था। पहली योजना में कृषि पर और दूसरी योजना में औद्योगीकरण पर ध्यान दिया गया था, लेकिन भारत अभी भी खाद्यान्न के लिए विदेशों पर निर्भर था (विशेषकर अमेरिका से PL-480 समझौते के तहत)।
इसलिए तीसरी योजना में:
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कृषि उत्पादन बढ़ाने
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सिंचाई सुविधाओं का विस्तार
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आधुनिक कृषि तकनीकों को अपनाने
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अर्थव्यवस्था को मजबूत करने पर जोर दिया गया।
लेकिन 1962 का चीन युद्ध, 1965 का पाकिस्तान युद्ध और 1965–66 का भयंकर सूखा होने के कारण योजना अपने लक्ष्य पूरे नहीं कर सकी।
🌟 Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य:
1️⃣ Growth Target
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The target growth rate was 5.6%, but the actual growth was about 2.4%.
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लक्ष्य 5.6% था, परंतु वास्तविक वृद्धि लगभग 2.4% रही।
2️⃣ Plan Holiday (1966–1969)
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After the failure of the Third Plan, India introduced three Annual Plans (1966–69), known as the Plan Holiday.
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तीसरी योजना की असफलता के बाद 1966–69 के बीच वार्षिक योजनाएँ (Plan Holiday) चलाई गईं।
3️⃣ Beginning of Green Revolution
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The groundwork for the Green Revolution was laid during and after this period.
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इसी अवधि में हरित क्रांति की नींव रखी गई।
4️⃣ Comparison for Exam:
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1st Plan (1951–56) → Agriculture
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2nd Plan (1956–61) → Heavy Industries
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✅ 3rd Plan (1961–66) → Self-sufficiency in Food Grains
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5th Plan → Poverty Removal (Garibi Hatao)
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