Which of the following administrative features was common to both Pallava and Pandya kingdoms?
Which of the following administrative features was common to both Pallava and Pandya kingdoms?
निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी प्रशासनिक विशेषता पल्लव और पांड्य दोनों राज्यों में समान थी?
Detailed Solution & Logic
Village assemblies were called Sabha and Ur/ ग्राम सभाओं को सभा और उर कहा जाता था
Explanation :
Both the Pallava Dynasty and Pandya Dynasty had a well-developed system of local self-government.
- Sabha → Assembly of Brahmin villages (agraharas)
- Ur → Assembly of common villages (non-Brahmin)
These assemblies managed:
- Local administration
- Tax collection
- Irrigation systems
- Justice and dispute resolution
👉 This proves the existence of grassroot democratic practices in ancient India.
व्याख्या :
Pallava Dynasty और Pandya Dynasty दोनों में स्थानीय स्वशासन की उन्नत व्यवस्था थी।
- सभा (Sabha) → ब्राह्मण गाँवों की सभा
- उर (Ur) → सामान्य गाँवों की सभा
इनके कार्य:
- स्थानीय प्रशासन
- कर वसूली
- सिंचाई व्यवस्था
- न्याय और विवाद समाधान
👉 यह दर्शाता है कि प्राचीन भारत में जमीनी स्तर पर लोकतंत्र मौजूद था।
📚 Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य (Bilingual):
🔹 Committees System / समितियों की व्यवस्था:
- English: Sabha had specialized committees called Variyams for functions like water management, gardens, and justice.
- Hindi: सभा में अलग-अलग कार्यों के लिए Variyam (समितियाँ) होती थीं, जैसे जल प्रबंधन, बागवानी और न्याय।
🔹 Selection Method / चयन प्रक्रिया:
- English: Members were often chosen through the Kudavolai system (lottery method).
- Hindi: सदस्यों का चयन कुडवोलाई प्रणाली (लॉटरी प्रणाली) से किया जाता था।
🔹 Inscriptions Evidence / अभिलेखीय प्रमाण:
- English: The Uttaramerur inscriptions provide detailed rules about these village assemblies.
- Hindi: उत्तिरमेरूर अभिलेख इन ग्राम सभाओं के नियमों की विस्तृत जानकारी देते हैं।
🔹 Influence on Later Dynasties / बाद के राजवंशों पर प्रभाव:
- English: These systems became more advanced under the Chola Dynasty.
- Hindi: यह व्यवस्था बाद में Chola Dynasty के समय और अधिक विकसित हो गई।
🔹 Importance / महत्व:
- English: Shows early form of decentralized governance in India.
- Hindi: यह भारत में विकेन्द्रीकृत शासन प्रणाली का प्रारंभिक उदाहरण है।
❌ Other Options / अन्य विकल्प:
- Rule by elected monarchs ❌ (राजा वंशानुगत थे)
- Division into Mandalams and Nadus ❌ (मुख्यतः चोल प्रशासन में प्रमुख)
- Abolition of land revenue taxes ❌ (भूमि कर प्रमुख आय स्रोत था)
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