Which constitutional amendment is Known as the “Mini Constitution”?
Which constitutional amendment is Known as the “Mini Constitution”?
कौन – सा संवैधानिक संशोधन को “लघु संविधान” के रूप में जाना जाता है?
Detailed Solution & Logic
42nd Amendment/42वां संशोधन
Explanation / व्याख्या
The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 is known as the “Mini Constitution of India” because it brought very large and important changes to the Indian Constitution.
42वाँ संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1976 को “लघु संविधान (Mini Constitution)” कहा जाता है क्योंकि इसने भारतीय संविधान में बहुत व्यापक और महत्वपूर्ण परिवर्तन किए थे।
Major Changes of the 42nd Amendment
42वें संशोधन के प्रमुख परिवर्तन
Fundamental Duties Added
The amendment added Fundamental Duties in Part IVA under Article 51A.
इस संशोधन द्वारा अनुच्छेद 51A के अंतर्गत भाग IVA में मौलिक कर्तव्य जोड़े गए।
Words Added to the Preamble
The following words were added to the Preamble:
- Socialist
- Secular
- Integrity
प्रस्तावना में निम्न शब्द जोड़े गए:
- समाजवादी
- पंथनिरपेक्ष
- अखंडता
🔹 Increase in Lok Sabha Tenure
The tenure of the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies was increased from 5 years to 6 years during the Emergency.
आपातकाल के दौरान लोकसभा और राज्य विधानसभाओं का कार्यकाल 5 वर्ष से बढ़ाकर 6 वर्ष कर दिया गया।
🔹 More Importance to Directive Principles
Directive Principles of State Policy were made stronger.
राज्य के नीति निदेशक तत्वों को अधिक महत्व दिया गया।
Extra Facts / अतिरिक्त तथ्य
The 42nd Amendment was passed during the Emergency period (1975–77) under Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
42वाँ संशोधन आपातकाल (1975–77) के दौरान प्रधानमंत्री Indira Gandhi के शासनकाल में पारित हुआ था।
Later, the 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 restored many democratic provisions and reduced the Lok Sabha tenure back to 5 years.
बाद में 44वें संविधान संशोधन अधिनियम, 1978 ने कई लोकतांत्रिक प्रावधानों को पुनः स्थापित किया और लोकसभा का कार्यकाल फिर से 5 वर्ष कर दिया।
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